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Dirk Cockrum              Mark Fiegener         Alan Gutierrez-Arana          Justin Stenberg
             Managing Director               Director                  Principal                  Partner





              SPECIFIC TAX LAWS CREATING COMMON ISSUES


                   ■ OECD/G20 BEPS Initiatives: These rules aim      ■ U.S. Passive Foreign Investment Company: These
                   to prevent tax avoidance by large multinational   rules are a trap for the unaware, particularly startup
                   companies.                                       companies outside the U.S.
                   ■ U.S. Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income Rules:     ■ Foreign Financial Assets: U.S. Treasury requires
                   These rules affect how U.S. companies are taxed on   special reporting where U.S. persons have interests
                   undistributed foreign earnings.                  in foreign bank and financial accounts, with potential
                                                                    missed filing penalties of $10,000 or more.
                   ■ U.S. Foreign-Derived Intangible Income: This
                   is a tax benefit U.S. corporations may achieve     ■ EU Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive: This includes
                   when exporting goods and services to non-U.S.    measures like interest limitation rules and controlled
                   customers.                                       foreign company rules, affecting U.S. companies in
                                                                    the European Union (EU).


              ADDITIONAL COSTS


                 International expansion plans should be considered   other expenses. It is not uncommon for fees related
                 in the annual budget process. Costs can increase   to tax due diligence to increase significantly when
                 significantly due to the additional complexity in tax   entering a new country and incrementally higher as
                 compliance with new regulations, new audits, and   expansion includes more countries.



              ESG Requirements


              U.S. businesses expanding internationally should consider local, state/provincial, and federal ESG and
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              sustainability regulatory requirements, such as the EU’s Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive,
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              the EU’s Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive,  and Mandatory sustainability reporting under
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              the International Financial Reporting Standards’ (IFRS) sustainability reporting standards.
              Financial Reporting

              When acquiring a foreign entity, it is important to understand the financial reporting requirements of
              the newly acquired entity and the parent entity. Certain countries require statutory audits for entities
              exceeding a revenue threshold, with some thresholds as low as $10,000. These statutory audits may
              require financial statement audits under an accounting framework different from the parent.

              In addition to national requirements of the respective countries, lender requirements may change under
              the new organizational structure. These changes in financial reporting among frameworks may also impact
              valuations prepared for acquisitions.



              1  Directive (EU) 2022/2464      Directive (EU) 2024/1760     What to Know: Global Sustainability Disclosure Requirements [October 23, 2024]
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